Direct APA quotes from audio or video files

When we need to record a direct quote from an audio or a video file, if the material is discoverable, we take a time-stamp from within the file, and put that in the citation bracket. For example: 

(Doe, 2023, 10.56).

Or, if being an APA purist and using American-style time notation: 

(Doe, 2023, 10:56).

Also, note that the format in which we record the time-stamp "reflects the format shown on the source—[so] video is counted in minutes and seconds. To cite a quotation appearing before the 1-minute mark, or from a video less than 1 minute long, include a zero in the minutes column (e.g., 0:32)" (APA Style Blog, 2014). 

However, if the material is NOT discoverable  - i.e. perhaps a "personal communication" situation where the reader does not have the original file to view/hear, then - while the time-stamp may be of use to the writer - it is not necessary/useful for the reader to know. Just leave out the time-stamp. 

Sam

References:

APA Style Blog. (2014, January 17). Timestamps for Audiovisual Materials in APA Style. https://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2014/01/timestamps-for-audiovisual-materials-in-apa-style.html

Scribbr. (2023). How do I cite a quote from a video or audio source in APA Style?. https://www.scribbr.com/frequently-asked-questions/quote-from-video-audio-source-apa/