Exoterica is esoteric

In an earlier post (here), I tried to find a word to cover "stating the obvious", and settled on the term "self-evident". However, that phrase was an interim solution, as it did not really give me a clear, crisp word for the act of 'stating the obvious'. I felt that there must be one.

However, since the earlier post, I have found that there appears to be a Greek term for this, defined as:

exoterica (eks-ə-TER-i-ka) — noun: writing, facts, or principles that are widely known (Back of the Cereal Box, 13 February 2011).

Exoterica is the antonym of esoterica. Something that is esoteric is arcane, specialised, or secret knowledge. In-speak, perhaps. Hush-hush.

OK: now I know the name of the term, my job should be done, right? Except no one else will know what this means. Here we have a term about common knowledge, which is not common knowledge. Crikey.

My exoterica term is esoteric!

Sam

References:

• Back of the Cereal Box (13 February 2011). A Word for Stating the Obvious. https://www.backofthecerealbox.com/2011/02/word-for-stating-obvious.html
• Yelton, J. (2011). Word for “stating the obvious?” https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/11087/word-for-stating-the-obvious

read more "Exoterica is esoteric"

Stating the obvious

In the course of my work I provide students a lot of feedback on their writing, as they are pounding their projects into shape, ready for submission. Like that old song goes, "We have to accentuate the positive, eliminate the negative, latch on to the affirmative, and don't mess with Mister In-Between"...

I try to be very direct, clear and succinct in my feedback, but sometimes I too go around and around in circles in my efforts to clearly phrase my feedback to a student, so they know what they need to be doing, and what to stop doing.

Recently I was trying to say very clearly to a student that they were telling the reader the what the reader would already know; that they were insulting the reader's intelligence; that much of what they were saying needed to 'go without saying'!

I thought that SURELY there must be a short, concise way - one word, hopefully - to tell the student that they were stating the obvious. However, the phrase, stating the obvious, is negative. I wanted to provide the same feedback in a more constructive and positive manner.

In my search for an answer on the interweb, I ran across an interesting discussion, which proposed the following answers (had to laugh!):

• Call the person "Captain Obvious" (not really suitable for students!)
• We could tell who runs on that they were "verbiose" [sic], or indulging in "prolixity" or "logorrhoea" (none have the same meaning though: all are more about providing a torrent of words, verbal diarrhoea; and also negative)
• Say the student was "belaboring the obvious". Someone also suggested that using "belabour" on its own would work, and that meant "to redundantly or excessively state the obvious" (possible, but not quite what I was after, and still negative)
• Tell the student to be "less redundant and get straight to the point", but that doesn't really clearly convey that the student is stating the obvious
• And then someone suggested "self-evident". I thought that was a good idea, as it has positive connotations.

So I used that: that what they were saying was 'self-evident'. However, that phrase still does not quite give me a clear, crisp word for the act of 'stating the obvious'. There must be one.

I will keep searching.


Sam

References:

• Arlen, H. & Mercer, V. (1944). Ac-Cent-Tchu-Ate the Positive. Capitol Records
• Yelton, J. (2011). Word for “stating the obvious?” https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/11087/word-for-stating-the-obvious

read more "Stating the obvious"

To colon or to semi-colon...

This is a tiny stylistic thing, but it was my understanding that we start a list with a full colon, then separate each item within that list using a semi-colon. Additionally, a semi-colon can be a pause in the run of a sentence (more significant than a comma), or the joining of two equal parts of a sentence together, while a colon signifies the start of a list… though sometimes that list might only be one item.

I thought that this was just one of those crazy English grammar rules, but there is a hierarchy in how we use punctuation:

• A comma is a soft pause, or an aside;
• A semi-colon is a stronger pause, or a phrase connector, and brackets are a stronger aside;
• A colon is the start of a list, or flagging stronger related idea emphasis, and the em dash is a much stronger aside; and
• A full stop ends the lot of them.

How this can look in practice is:

Original: Nine key roles are identified that make up Supers Life-Career Rainbow 1) Child (not just by age but by being a Son or Daughter) , 2) Student, 3) Leisurite (someone who pursues leisure activities), 4) Citizen, 5) Worker, 6) Spouse, 7) Homemaker, 8) Parent and 9) Pensioner.

Repunctuated: Nine key roles are identified that make up Super's Life-Career Rainbow are: Child, not just by age but by being a Son or Daughter; Student; Leisurite, someone who pursues leisure activities; Citizen; Worker; Spouse; Homemaker; Parent; and Pensioner.

Interesting, isn't it!


Sam

• Reference: University of Leicester (n.d.). Using the semi-colon and colon. Retrieved 28 August 2017 from http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ld/resources/writing/grammar/grammar-guides/semicolon

read more "To colon or to semi-colon..."

First, secondly, thirdly, or...

When writing for a journal a few years ago, the editor would correct my sequence adverb from firstly, secondly and thirdly to first, second, and third. As a result, and not being sure of the rules myself, I had assumed that my usage was faulty.

However, I just ran across what the rules about the use of this type of adverb/adjective. Apparently, according to both Oxford and Cambridge, the correct use is "First, secondly, thirdly". However, as that rule is very old, since the seventeenth century (!) it has been quite acceptable to use "Firstly, secondly, thirdly" (Burchfield, 1998). So acceptable, that the use of "firstly" is now apparently considered to be more formal than using 'first' (Cambridge Dictionary, 21 July 2017).

Firstly, secondly, thirdly is just fine. As is first, secondly, thirdly. But not first, second, third. Now I know.

Usage in this area is really about consistency. Oxford even have a lovely video about it all.

And, once we know the rules, it is all quite easy.


Sam

References:

• Burchfield, R.W. (1998). The New Fowler's Modern English Usage (Revised Third Edition). UK: Oxford University Press.
• Cambridge Dictionary (21 July 2017). First, firstly or at first? Retrieved 5 August 2017 from http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/first-firstly-or-at-first
• Oxford Dictionaries (6 Aug 2015). Why do we use ‘first, second,..’ and not ‘firstly, secondly...’? Retrieved 5 August 2017 from https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/explore/first-second-firstly-secondly

read more "First, secondly, thirdly, or..."

Macaronic Latin plurals

Who knows about Latin plurals? I have always found them to be a bit tricky. These days, I tend to forget and to simply Anglicise them. I think this is becoming a global trend.

I have noted that few people say 'celli' when speaking about the cello section in an orchestra. And - depending on the company you are keeping, of course - you can look like a numpty if you use the Latin plural correctly, or if you don't. Damned each way, really.

Anyway, I was trying to find what the plural of Professor Emeritus/Emerita was, for an official letter to a Uni (and I thought I had better get this right). Wordsmith.org provided some people who really knew their grammatical construction.

Bobyoungbalt said "A Latin passive participle, the 4th of the 4 principle parts of most verbs, is often used as an adjective, and is always given in the nominative singular masculine form and in the 2nd Declension form and is declined accordingly. A single judge who is a man would be a Judge emeritus, a woman would be a Judge emerita; two women Judges emeritae, two or more all men or a mixture of men and women, Judges emeriti. It's exac[t]ly the same as alumnus: you have one alumnus or alumna, two alumni or alumnae". Bobyoungbalt went on to say "As to the propriety of mixing an English word with a Latin modifier and declining the Latin (at least as far as respects number and gender -- we don't pay attention to case), this is not infrequent. In fact, there is a word for it: macaronic"(Wordsmith.org, 2001).

Nice and clear. This post got a number of replies, including the following, from Tsuwm:

"the 'original meaning' [... pertained to] a burlesque form of verse in which vernacular words are introduced into a Latin context with Latin terminations and in Latin constructions. Also, applied to similar verse of which the basis is Greek instead of Latin; and loosely to any form of verse in which two or more languages are mingled together" (Wordsmith.org, 2001).

Tsuwm went on to say that macaronic was likely:

"to have been invented by Teofilo Folengo (‘Merlinus Cocaius’) whose ‘macaronic’ poem (Liber Macaronices) was published in 1517. He explains (ed. 2, 1521) that the ‘macaronic art’ is so called from macaroni, which is ‘quoddam pulmentum farina, caseo, botiro compaginatum, grossum, rude, et rusticanum’"(Wordsmith.org, 2001).

I like it. We smash English together with Latin endings in a way that is big, rough and rustic, like blending cheese and flour. Fascinating.

With the result that even today, more than 500 years later, we can use Latin adjective endings and be 'correct'.

Thus, two Professors Emeritus are Professors Emeriti, regardless of whether they are male or female.

Easy.


Sam

• Reference: Wordsmith.org (2001). Wordsmith Talk: The Plural of Emeritus. Retrieved 12 September 2016 from https://wordsmith.org/board/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=49953&page=2

read more "Macaronic Latin plurals"

Newsletter Issue 234, May 2013

Sam Young Newsletter

Issue 234, May 2013

Hi guys,

How many of us set out at the beginning of a new year, full of enthusiasm for change, only to peter out of steam by Easter. A couple of extra steps might help us all in achieving what we set out to achieve. Check out Building Change Capacity below.

Our changing English usage leads me to Advise you to Get Advice. 

Save Trees with GreenPrint   TLAs for SMEs        Tips, Short & Hot Keys        Hot Linx

Don't forget, if you want to be taken off my mailing list, click here to send me a reply e-mail and I will remove your name.

 

Building Change Capacity

Change is a hard thing to effect in ourselves. It not only takes the courage to see ourselves clearly, but then the ability to strategise, break down large tasks into digestible pieces, and then the endurance to take action after action, and monitor our own progress.

Lots of us get to the strategising step. Not so many of us successfully sort out the tasks. But where most of us fail is with endurance.

Richard Boyatzis, a professor at Case Western in the US, developed a theory of Intentional Change. It was published in 2006 in the Journal of Management Development ("An overview of intentional change from a complexity perspective", Volume 25, issue 7, pp. 607-623), detailing a framework that we can all use to create a personal change plan. Richard's framework arose out of longitudinal studies of individual and organisational change. 

So, what should we do? 

According to Boyatzis (2006; MindTools, n.d.), there are five common-sense steps to follow to make a lasting personal change: 

1. Discover your ideal self. Think about and record your short, medium and long-term goals. Think about your goals in terms of personal development, work, recreation and dreams. Draw out what really gets you engaged: what grabs you. Don't discount things that you think are too far fetched: this is all aspirational work.
2. Discover your real self. Do lots of tests and quizzes, and ask someone who has completed leadership study for their workbooks so you have access to leadership development tools. Ask people around you - whom you trust - for what they think are your key skills and key opportunities to improve. Compile over time a personal SWOT analysis that pulls all this feedback together. 
3. Create your personal development plan. Compare your ideal self with reality: look for gaps. Think about what actions you need to take you from reality to ideal. Consider  resources you might need. Find someone to guide you (ie, a coach or mentor). Have a reality check: are some of these things going to be too hard? Are you better to achieve some smaller goals so you can build your change capacity? Once decided, schedule things in your diary. 
4. Experiment with and practice new habits. Set small goals that you can tick off. Do something every day to help build your change capacity muscles. Additionally, working on developing good habits in less important areas also helps you develop better muscles for the really big goals (Pinola, 2013).
5. Get support. Share what you are doing. Share your failures and your successes. Share your plan, and they will carry you in the tough times with their encouragement. 

Read more about intentional change at:

• Boyatzis, Richard E. (2006). An overview of intentional change from a complexity perspective. Journal of Management Development, 2006, Volume 25, issue 7 (pp. 607-623)
• MindTools (n.d.). Intentional Change Theory: Achieving Manageable, Meaningful Change. USA: Author. Retrieved 5 May 2013 from http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/intentional-change-theory.htm#np 
• Pinola, Melanie (4 May 2013). Boost Your Willpower by Building Small, Unrelated Habits. USA: Lifehacker. Retrieved 5 May 2013 from http://lifehacker.com/boost-your-willpower-by-building-small-unrelated-habit-489227080?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=pulsenews 

I Advise you to Get Advice

Oh, our tricky, tricky English language. No wonder so many travellers in our lands have such trouble determining which words to use.

I was emptying out my inbox the other day, and came across a note I had written, on a usage rule. 

There are three word pairs which are all quite similar: practice/practise, licence/license and advice/advise. Of the three, only advice and advise are pronounced differently. Each of the pair has one form that is a noun, and the other, a verb. The 'c' form is the noun; the 's' the verb; thus advice is a noun, advise is a verb.

To check which to use, replace either practice or licence with advice/advise. Whichever works - sounds correct - is the one you should use. But the real trick of this is that in NZ we now use practice and licence for all usages. 

Have you seen it used both ways recently? 

Save Trees with GreenPrint

There's a nifty little tool called GreenPrint. You can use it as your printer handling tool, and it will give you a page by page thumbnail preview which allows you to decide which pages to print, which images not to print, determine if you want your pages in black-and-white or colour, set for duplex printing (double-sided), or save the print job as a pdf.

Not only do you get more print options, usually far more easily than you do with standard printer drivers, but you get to save ink, paper, and make a tiny contribution to saving the planet. For home use it costs a mere USD$19.

Check it out at http://www.printgreener.com/1/greenprint-world 

 

TLAs for SMEs

Here are this newsletter's TLAs (Three Letter Acronyms) for you:

• APC, Academic Publishing Costs. Many top quality academic journals, which were once published by non-profit academic societies, are now owned by the three main profit-making publishers. They are Reed Elsevier, Springer Science+Business Media, and John Wiley & Sons. This top three account for 42% of articles published worldwide, and are responsible for the increased cost of journal articles (eg, one article may cost $90). In 1986, academic library budgets were consumed roughly 45% on books and 55% on journals; in 1998 around 25% and 75%. The percentage would be even higher for journals today.
  Because of this there is a groundswell of support for 'open access', where the person/organisation writing the article pays the publication costs, then makes the peer-reviewed final article freely accessible. If this becomes the norm, it will drive down academic library costs, and, as a result, higher education costs. 

Please feel free to email me with any TLAs that you want to get the bottom (meaning!) of.

Tips, Short+Hot Keys

In this newsletter, we look at all you can do with "End":

• Access, Excel, IE, Outlook, PowerPoint, Publisher, Windows, Word "Go to the last cell, field, item or line in the paragraph, row, object, cell, single-line field, end of the line in multi-line fields, Help topic, right edge of the page or select the first or last command on the menu or submenu" End 
• Access, Outlook, PowerPoint, Publisher, Windows, Word "Go to the end of a multiple-line field, text-box, text-frame, table, document, last item in a list, last field in the last record, last position in the current cell, last column in the input source window, lower-right corner of the page, end of the active field, last field in the last record, last position in the current cell or the last column in the active window, lower-right corner of the page, " Ctrl & End 
• Access, Outlook, PowerPoint, Word "Select from the insertion point to the end of the text box entry" Shift & End 
• Excel "Extend a selection to the end of a field or with scroll lock on, extend the selection to the cell in the lower-right corner of the window" Shift & End 
• Excel "Extend the selection to the cell in the lower-right corner of the window" Scroll Lock & Shift & End 
• Excel "Extend the selection to the last cell in the current row. This keystroke is unavailable if you selected the Transition navigation keys check box on the Transition tab (Tools menu, Options command) (with End mode on)" End & Shift & Enter 
• Excel "Extend the selection to the last cell used on the worksheet (lower-right corner) (with End mode on)" End & Shift & Home 
• Excel "Extend the selection to the last nonblank cell in the same column or row as the active cell (with End mode on)" End & Shift & Arrow Keys 
• Excel "Extend the selection to the last used cell on the worksheet (lower-right corner)" Ctrl & Shift & End 
• Excel "Move to the last cell to the right in the current row that is not blank; unavailable if you have selected the Transition navigation keys check box on the Transition tab (Tools menu, Options command) (with End mode on)" End & Enter 
• Frontpage "Go to the end of a line" Shift & End 
• Publisher "Extend the highlighting to the last character in a text box or go to the end of a line" Shift & End 
• Publisher "Go to the end of the text frame or table cell" Ctrl & Shift & End 
• Windows "Select the last item and additional items in an extended selection list box or the last item in the current list and additional items above it" Shift & End 
• Word "End of Row" Alt & Shift & End 
• Word "Go to end of row or row in a table" Alt & End 
• Word "Go to the end of a document" Ctrl & Shift & End 

Hot Linx

Making deliberate personal change sometimes requires some extra help to maintain progress. Richard Boyatzis developed Intentional Change Theory to help people through the process. Read about it at http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/intentional-change-theory.htm#np 

Those of you interested in career development might like to take a look at Careers NZ's Tertiary Career Development Benchmarks document, online at http://www.careers.govt.nz/fileadmin/docs/tertiary_career_development_benchmarks.pdf 

Randstad issues a C-suite gender wake-up call at http://www.randstad.com/press-room/randstad-workmonitor/randstad-workmonitor-women-in-leadership-still-a-tough-battle-march-2013.pdf. NZIM has a New Zealand summary at http://www.management.co.nz/executiveupdate.asp?eID=540&utm_campaign=MGTE&utm_medium=email&utm_source=66

Now, if you really want to be confused, check out the OED on ‘might’ and ‘may’ – this makes for fascinating reading! View online at http://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2013/04/may-or-might-whats-the-difference/

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                                Catch you again soon!! E-mail your suggestions to me here

read more "Newsletter Issue 234, May 2013"

Newsletter Issue 209, November 2011

Sam Young Newsletter

Issue 209, November 2011

Hi guys,

Are you motivating your staff? Check out Motivation - Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Factors  below.

We have a bit of a laugh with Peta Mathias in Motivational Cooking Advice. 

How to Hyphenate Words   TLAs for SMEs        Tips, Short & Hot Keys        Hot Linx

Don't forget, if you want to be taken off my mailing list, click here to send me a reply e-mail and I will remove your name.

Motivation - Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Factors

What motivates you?

I know for me, it is personal satisfaction from a job well done. For others it will be recognition. For some it will be challenge. For a few it will be status. For a very few, it will be money.

Richard Daft, in his book "The Leadership Experience" defines motivation as the "forces, either internal or external to a person, which arouse enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action” (2005, p. 294). So what does that mean to a each of us?

At its most simple, motivation starts with a need that creates within us a desire to fulfil it; like friendship, food or recognition. So then we have to take action. We behave in a way results in us fulfilling our needs. So we get the rewards that we were after; and we have satisfied our needs.

However, our rewards can be either intrinsic or extrinsic. Intrinsic needs are those things that come from within; personal development, challenge, self-fulfilment, that warm fuzzy feeling of being appreciated, self-determination. Extrinsic needs come from without; recognition, status, promotions and bonuses. Recognition is an interesting factor. It impacts on both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation.

Charles Handy, in his book "Understanding Organizations" (1993), thinks that we that motivation theories can be categorised under one of three headings. Firstly there are satisfaction theories, which assume that a ‘satisfied worker is a productive worker’. Secondly there are incentive theories, which assume reinforcement is the key (this is a ‘carrot’ approach - that reward will lead to good performance - extrinsic motivation). Thirdly there are intrinsic theories, which assume individuals will work harder if they have a worthwhile job – that reward will come from satisfaction in the work itself.

However, Harold Levinson, in his manager’s views of motivation theory (1972) thought that we had a much more complicated approach to motivation. He proposed that we have four main groups, and one that is a combination of any or all of the four. They are:

1. Rational-economic assumption – we are motivated by economic needs, passive & can be controlled by the organisation. This manager believes in extrinsic motivators (money, status)
2. Social assumption – we are motivated by social needs, affiliation (teams; social activities)
3. Self-actualising assumption – motivated by intrinsic needs – autonomy / goal setting rather than managerial control (goals; empowerment)
4. Psychological assumption – work is part of our identity, our ‘ego ideal’. We need opportunities to fulfil our ‘ego ideal’
5. Complex assumption – motivated by a combination of dynamic & ever-changing factors

There are lots of theories about how we tap into intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, but one common idea is that if someone is intrinsically motivated, that motivation lasts MUCH longer than if we try to motivate the same person extrinsically (with external rewards).

"That sounds all very good in theory,"  I can almost hear you say "but I bet people aren't really like that in the real world".

However, a recent Employee Insights survey of Kiwi workers shows that 33% of respondents say that "acknowledgement and appreciation" is what motivates them,  32% are motivated by role challenge, 23% by workmates and/or company culture, with 12% rating the dollars as a motivator.

Consultants Robert Walters NZ ran this survey for the second time this year, surveying accounting, finance, banking, management, HR, IT, procurement, supply chain, sales, marketing, secretarial and business support employees.

This means that if you are wanting to reward your staff, you need to tell them you appreciate them; that they provide value. You need to challenge them in a way that they can acheive. You need to have a healthy organisational culture and build a good team atmosphere.

It's not definitely not rocket science, is it :-)

 

References:

Read NZIM's brief at http://www.management.co.nz/executiveupdate.asp?eID=263&utm_campaign=MGTF&utm_medium=email&utm_source=31, and the Robert Walters' survey report at http://www.management.co.nz/RWaltersEmpInsights.pdf 

Daft, Richard L. (2005). The Leadership Experience (3rd Edition). USA: Thomson South-Western.

Handy, Charles (1993). Understanding Organizations. UK: Penguin

Levinson, Harold (1972) based on Schein, Edgar (1970). Organizational psychology. USA: Prentice Hall

Motivational Cooking Advice

Following on this issue's motivation theme, while laying a thick layer of newspapers in the bottom of a raised herb garden as weed matting, I noticed an unread Dominion Post Magazine from October 22. Peta Mathias had given her usual tongue-in-cheek advice to a reader who wanted to know how he could make some 'fast food' (ie, food he could prepare quickly) as often neither he nor his girlfriend could be bothered cooking.

I felt that Peta's reply was amusing enough to share with you all.

"The secret to fast food at home is to have lots of ingredients already in the kitchen - like peas, fish and pesto in the freezer; tinned tuna, sardines and ready-made curry pastes in the pantry; salami, butter and parmesan cheese in the fridge. If you've got dried pasta, olive oil and red wine, you've got a meal.

"Here's what you do: first drink a glass of wine while you're getting the other ingredients together. Next, look at the pasta and decide you can't be bothered cooking it. Next, take the olive oil, spread it all over your girlfriend, then lick it all off again. This is a very nutritious meal, satisfies two people and you will never complain about being unmotivated again."

Reference: Mathias, Peta (22 October 2011). Your Weekend Magazine. NZ: Dominion Post (p. 5)

How to Hyphenate Words

The Oxford English Dictionary's October newsletter contained a useful little 'how to' on the rules for hyphenation.

1. We DON'T link 'phrasal verbs' using a hyphen. Phrasal verbs are verbs made up of a main verb together with an adverb or a preposition (or both). The meaning is usually not obvious from the individual meanings of the words. For example "I made up my tie "; 'made' and 'up' forms the phrasal verb.
2. However, we DO link nouns that are made up of phrasal verbs. You would buy a 'made-up' tie.
3. We also use hyphens when they clarify our meaning. For example: "There will be extra trains, including more late-night trains" makes sense, whereas "There will be extra trains, including more late night trains" could mean that the night trains were simply late.

So just ask yourself; is this a noun that I am hyphenating? And does it clarify sentence meaning? ... and if in doubt, leave it out :-)

You can read the original OED article at http://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2011/10/hyphens-in-the-headlines/

TLAs for SMEs

Here are this newsletter's TLAs (Three Letter Acronyms) for you:

• UNA, Use No Acronyms. I thought that was cute!

Please feel free to email me with any TLAs that you want to get the bottom (meaning!) of.

Tips, Short+Hot Keys

In this newsletter, we look at all you can do in Publisher with Page commands:

• Publisher "Move down within a page or scroll down in the Help pane" Page Down
• Publisher "Move up within a page or Scroll up in the Help pane" Page Up
• Publisher "Scroll to the left" Ctrl & Page Up
• Publisher "Scroll to the right" Ctrl & Page Down

Hot Linx

While we assume that creating the right kind of atmosphere at work should be common sense, we often don't act like we understand what common sense is. Check what is productive at http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/industries/5847549/Creating-a-productive-workplace

Read this HBR article on four ways women unintentionally sabotage their career prospects - overly modest, not asking, fitting in, keeping quiet - is fascinating at http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2011/10/four_ways_women_stunt_their_careers.html?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter

Check out what Sir Paul Callaghan has to say in a 20 minute speech entitled "StrategyNZ: Mapping our Future" that was delivered in March 2011 at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OhCAyIllnXY

Kelly Eggers of the Wall Street Journal looks at the ten worst mistakes made by Uni graduates when looking for their first professional position in this article at http://www.fins.com/Finance/Articles/SBB0001424052970204226204576601420036627098/The-10-Worst-Mistakes-of-First-Time-Job-Hunters

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                                Catch you again soon!! E-mail your suggestions to me here

read more "Newsletter Issue 209, November 2011"