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Showing posts with label Boolean search. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Boolean search. Show all posts

Wednesday, 28 February 2024

Explaining article search to newbies

Each semester I will get a few students who have had very little experience in finding journal articles. I usually begin by explaining how to do a GoogleScholar search.

I get them to go to https://scholar.google.co.nz/

We will pick a topic, then brainstorm some keywords. I will explain some very elementary parts of Boolean searches; such as using plus marks, and putting double quote marks around any terms which need to go together. For example, "career development"+Assessment+Testing.

We also need to remember to set the date (in the left-hand side-bar) as - e.g. - after 2019.

I try to get the students to come up with the key words, because then they will be more likely to remember the process the next time they need to do a search.

I explain that if we don't know what keywords we should be looking for, we go back through some journal articles we have previously read on our topic, and harvest the keywords from those.

Some of the articles we find in GoogleScholar we may be able to directly download. For example, there may be some hyperlinks out on the right-hand side of the list of articles (see the illustration accompanying this post) which - if we click on the link - will allow us to download a copy of the article our search has turned up. These tend to be in publicly available repositories, such as: government departments such as the Ministry of Social Development, the US Department of Education or the National Health; ResearchGate or Academia.edu, where other scholars have uploaded copies of their articles; or Open Access databases like Frontiers in Psychiatry, or PLOS One. 

So we can download our articles... and then we have to work out how to USE them appropriately. We need to learn how to cite them within our text, and how to reference them at the end. Luckly, there is a way to get the APA reference from the articles we are interested in in GoogleScholar. Watch the video below (Young, 2022):

Anything we can't download directly from GoogleScholar we should be able to look up in our institution's databases, and see if they are available in those.

If we have enough for now, we can start writing. If we don't, we can mine each article's reference list for any articles which contributed to key paragraphs in our article which is really on the button (i.e. go through the reference lists looking for the source articles which look like they fed into the relevant parts of our useful articles), and look for those using specific GoogleScholar searches.

I hope this helps!


Sam

References:

Google Scholar. (2024). https://scholar.google.co.nz/

Young, S. (2022). Finding complete GoogleScholar references & Cross Ref DOIs [video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/0CW49QzJb7s

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Wednesday, 26 April 2023

Adobe Acrobat advanced search

I often find myself frustrated by the search function in Windows, and in Adobe Acrobat. I have a fix for Windows using FileSearchEX - a great piece of search kit which is so much more nuanced than the native Windows search (here). However, I constantly find myself stuck using Acrobat. There appeared to be no way to search for a word including spaces; for example, "etic". A 'normal' Ctrl & F search will get me empathetic, sympathetic, emetic, and so on. Even if I enter a space beforehand (e.g. " etic"), the Adobe search function ignores it. 

And then I discovered that there was a layer of search in Adobe Acrobat which I had not plumbed! There is an easy way to search for - for example - "etic" as an entire word, and not have "empathetic" show up time after time in Acrobat. All we need do is to use Advanced Search, which we open and start a search by keying Shift & Ctrl & F (Wright, 2020). 

This search allows us to tick the "whole word only" option which means when we are searching for "etic" we only get etic. Phew!


Sam

References:

Wright, E. (2020). How to Search Multiple PDFs with Adobe Acrobat’s Advanced Search. Erin Wright Writing. https://erinwrightwriting.com/search-multiple-pdfs/

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Monday, 25 January 2021

Searching blogger for two labels at once

I discovered an interesting trick recently. While I always knew we could search Blogger posts for labels, using:

www.[site name]/search/label/[label name]

I didn't know how utterly, utterly easy it was to search two labels at once. It is as simple as:

www.[site name]/search/label/[label name 1]+[label name 2]

If there is a space in my label terms, I just need to put a '%20' between the words as a placeholder for the space. So, for example, if I want to search my site for both 'data collection' and 'interview technique' labels at once, the URL would be formulated as follows:

http://www.samyoung.co.nz/search/label/data%20collection+interview%20technique

Too easy.


Sam

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Monday, 26 October 2015

Searching for a Pan-Database Database

I tend to start searching for research materials using GoogleScholar: because it is easy.

Using some Boolean search tools: +, "-", and -, used without spaces helps to narrow search. Plus to say "I want all these things" (Google+Scholar), double quote marks to say "I want it to say EXACTLY this" ("Google Scholar"), and minus to say "I don't want this item" (-GoogleScholar).

When that is used in conjunction with the Harzing journal ranker, you can focus on materials from the top journals in your field.

My institute's library has a few databases - largely ProQuest - but it is a very fragmented search environment. Perhaps "Stumble Upon" might truly be a better term.

Who would think that in the age of Google and the interweb that the searchability of periodicals and journals would be confined to individual, paid access databases, depending on who owns the publishing house? You cannot, unless a paid-up member, even see the database indexes for some publishers.

And that is where Google comes in. Google can see the indexes, and a Boolean search using GoogleScholar, then Google, will usually turn up the article you want. You may not yet have access to it, but at least you will now know what it is that you want to get access to.

In my view, academic journal search has not caught up with technology. Search should not be as arcane as dipping into closed database after closed database. This mimics the old index file drawers in paper libraries.

I am lucky enough to have access to the Ministry of Education library here in New Zealand, and they have a tool called "OneSearch" which searches all materials that they have access to. It saves so much time, and then the accuracy of search itself is up to me understanding the terminology of the field, not in knowing how to find the databases themselves.

We badly need a global pan-database database. Maybe that might form a future Google project.


Sam

References:
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Friday, 31 August 2007

Newsletter Issue 136, August 2007



Sam Young Newsletter

Issue 136, August 2007
Hi guys,
Read about Europe, the UK and Japan's drive for Life Story Labelling.
Having trouble finding what you want on Google and Yahoo? Then check out Boolean Search Syntax below. 
Don't forget, if you want to be taken off my mailing list, click here to send me a reply e-mail and I will remove your name.

Life Story Labelling

Consumers, governments and business leaders seem to be acting on mounting pressure to confront excessive consumption, pollution, national carbon footprints, air miles, environmental costs and to uphold the Kyoto protocol.
Carbon footprinting is becoming a household term in first world consumer societies. Consumers' are wanting to find out about the origins of a product before they buy, particularly in Europe. Questions no one ever asked a few years ago look like becoming an important facet of the purchasing decision. Consumers now want to know how the product was made, who by, how did it get to its point of sale and what environmental effects it may have after purchasing or on disposal.
At a recent seafood conference in Belgium, the annual Brussels European Seafood Exhibition (ESE), focus was on sustainability, driven by two different groups; environmental lobby groups and the retail trade.
Retailers are demanding the ability to clearly state to their customers that the seafood they are selling is from a certified sustainable source, with some retail buyers now refusing to purchase non-certified product for their retail chains. Wild fish must carry Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) Certification. There is strong demand from UK retailers for farmed fish to also obtain certification, which is currently outside the MSC's mandate. Those countries whose aquaculture farmers are proactive in either persuading the MSC to broaden their scope or who set up independent certification will have the inside track to key European retail buyers.
So, if printed net weights, use by dates, nutritional breakdowns and content labelling wasn't enough, now most UK retail chains are looking at how they can clearly show customers the production history of goods. Some brands are already experimenting with attaching ‘life story labels' to their products, satisfying consumers who are ready to spend their dosh on what appears to do the least harm.
UK supermarket Tesco plans to introduce carbon footprint labels on all 70,000 products it sells to allow shoppers to compare carbon impacts. Implementation will take a while: the company is currently investigating how to develop a “universally accepted and commonly understood” measuring system.
Increasingly, this requirement for a carbon footprint measure is likely to pit internationally produced goods against local production. Good for local producers as local manufacture may cost less in carbon footprint terms than international production due to clocking up fewer air miles.
However, if you are a Tesco's shopper, will you be able to fairly compare the footprint of outdoors grown Spanish tomatoes to that of British grown diesel-fueled hot-house tomatoes? The agricultural and horticultural lobby in the UK is very, very strong, and would have consumers believe that local is better for the planet. Yet when if you look at all the real impacts, clearly it is not.
It will all come down to how fairly and honestly the measures are. I am sure that getting the mix right will be a long and complicated process, adding more cost to manufacture, and providing we consumers with even more choice.
 

Boolean Search Syntax

While all of us have used Google and Yahoo, not all of us use the best search refinements.
But by using some very easy search syntax, you can create far more powerful searches to help you quickly find exactly what you're looking for.
Entering specific syntax manually into your search query is often much faster than using Google and Yahoo's advanced searching capability. Following are several things you can do to get far better search results:
  1. Encapsulating keywords. To find pages with an exact phrase, enclose the phrase in quotation marks, eg "Kilroy was here"
  2. Include / exclude keywords. Search engines normally omit 'noise words' from queries, such as how, where and I. To include them, put a plus sign immediately in front of them (eg +there). To exclude anything that you don't want, put a minus immediately in front (eg -where)
  3. At this point, your query string would look like this: "Kilroy was here" +there -where
  4. Site-specific search. To limit your search to a specific site, all you need to do is add the site tag to your query string with a full colon, eg "Where's Wally" site:whereswally.com
  5. URL-specific search. Inurl lets you find pages whose URLs contain specific strings of text. This is very useful if you can't remember the entire URL, just part of the URL or the page URL. eg "Where's Wally" inurl:findme
With those tips, you'll get better search results while bypassing loads of useless pages. You can combine any or all of the syntax above to build more complex search queries. But, although these tips work with both Google and Yahoo, they do not work with MSN Live Search. For some reason, Microsoft chose not to implement these options in its new search engine.
Have fun!

'Greenwashing' Facts

Research company Nick Jones & Associates from Auckland have published a few summary facts based on AC Nielsen data from the second-half of 2006, as follows:
Some key facts to consider from the latest “Consumer who Cares” research (Please note that all information is based on all people 10 years and over sourced from Nielsen Media Research Panorama January to June 2006/Nick Jones & Associates Ltd)
  • 1.68 million people have bought a product or service from a company, because it supports a charity or worthy cause
  • 1.52 million people agree that when buying a product or service from a particular company, it is very important to them that the company shows a high level of social and/or environmental responsibility
  • 1.35 million people who have bought a product or service from a company because it supports a charity or worthy cause, even though they are slightly more expensive
  • 1.14 million have purposefully avoided buying a product or service from a specific company, because of concerns about its impact on society or the environment.
Interesting, isn't it? So even though being greener and more community-focused is becoming quite media-trendy, it looks like it is not merely rhetoric. We are apparently walking the talk.

TLAs for SMEs

Here are this newsletter's TLAs for you:
  • DDR, Double Data Rate of usually SDRAM, at double the clock speed of earlier RAM formats.
  • SSD, Solid State Disk. This is a new flash-type of electronic memory that is tipped to take over the mechanical HDDs we currently use in our PCs and laptops

Please feel free to email me with any TLAs that you want to get the bottom (meaning!) of.

Tips, Short+Hot Keys
In this newsletter, we look at some handy ways of changing font size:
  • PowerPoint, Publisher, Word "Decrease the font size" Ctrl & Shift & < (Less Than)
  • PowerPoint, Publisher, Word "Increase the font size" Ctrl & Shift & > (Greater Than)
  • Outlook, PowerPoint, Publisher, Word "Decrease font size of selected text by 1 point" Ctrl & [ (Open Square Bracket)
  • Outlook, PowerPoint, Publisher, Word "Increase font size of selected text by 1 point" Ctrl & ] (Close Square Bracket)
  • Excel, FrontPage, PowerPoint, Publisher, Word "Select the toolbar Font Size field" Ctrl & Shift & P
  • Word "Shrink Font" Ctrl & Shift & , (comma)
  • Word "Grow Font" Ctrl & Shift & . (full stop)

Hot Linx
As mentioned in the "Greenwashing" Facts article, you can get research in New Zealand about customers who care, at Nick Jones' website, http://www.njassociates.co.nz/
Tesco's supermarket in the UK walk the talk about carbon emissions. You can check out their carbon footprint report card at http://www.tesco.com/climatechange/carbonFootprint.asp
Download the latest OED Communications Outlook Report (NB: Read Only) from the OECD website at http://213.253.134.43/oecd/pdfs/browseit/9307021E.PDF
Tempted to buy a Tony Robbins book? Then read one Miami Herald journalist's view of his seminars at http://web.archive.org/web/20021203130105/http:/www.lynxfeather.net/nest/humor/2002/alteredstates.html

                                Catch you again soon!! E-mail your suggestions to me here
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